American Bulldog

History of the American Bulldog breed

Ambul rightfully earned his honorary "title" – the bulldog of the Bulldogs. The breed is unique in that its representatives managed to preserve the original characteristics and appearance from the XV century to our time. For the first time, bulldogs appeared on the lands of England, where they were bred from Molossian dogs to organize bullfights. Then the dogs cost their owners a tidy sum, since their courage and remarkable strength determined the outcome of the fight with cattle. The offspring of champion ambulances, who repeatedly won in a fierce battle, were especially appreciated.

The value of the breed was explained by the ability of its representatives to endure any pain. Breeders often held demonstration "performances", during which they brought the dogs to a state of animal rage and demonstrated their endurance. Such ideas had a sad outcome: ambulances often died, but this did not detract from either the popularity of the breed or the amount that buyers were willing to give for the future champion.

American bulldogs were used as animals for bloody games until the beginning of the XIX century. After the signing of the law, which prohibited bull baiting and dog fighting, the price of ambulances dropped sharply. Bulldogs were forced to be kept in the yard, because their cruelty and indomitable temper often posed a danger even to the owner. The breed was forgotten for a while, because it did not differ in anything other than endurance: neither cute appearance, nor complaisance, nor other characteristics.

With the popularization of exhibitions, ambul again attracted the attention of dog breeders. Wanting to make dogs more suitable for the show, geneticists poured blood pug . This experiment took thirty years and ended very successfully: the new specimens differed in smaller size, more correct proportions and a calm disposition. Soon the bulldogs were divided into separate breeds. Dog breeders' clubs were organized for them, which registered puppies and documented their pedigree. And so the English bulldog arose, which earned the glory of the national symbol of the country.

It is worth noting that the history of the breed was not limited to this. At the beginning of the XVIII century, a tense economic situation prevailed in England. Prison cells were overflowing with debtors who did not have enough funds to pay the required amount. The government has made a cunning move, promising amnesty to those prisoners who will go to settle a new colony in Georgia. Few prisoners reached the shores of America, but this was fully compensated by the relocation of working-class immigrants who hoped to start a new life and escape from hardships. Along with them, people brought the most valuable "property" – real bulldogs, who at that time still participated in bull baiting and maintained their unbridled temper.

At first, the colonists had a hard time: the wild lands needed clearing and constant protection from the warlike Indian tribes, the Spaniards and the French. Ambul unexpectedly proved himself to be a reliable and loyal caretaker who could be relied upon. So, thanks to their athletic physique, endurance, hard work, courage, intelligence and excellent nose, bulldogs have proved to be irreplaceable companions in the wild lands of America.

Back then, farmers did not attach importance to the appearance of an ambul – a large dog with a massive muzzle and strong paws. The breed was valued not for its exterior, but for its working qualities. Attempts to add the Bulldogs of the South to the American Kennel Club (AKC) list were unsuccessful for a long time. Preference was given to foreign breeds, and "natives" from the colonies were considered ordinary and unworthy of attention.

In addition, the breed "bulldog" was already registered in the AKC, and Southerners would have to think about a new name to avoid confusion when popularizing ambulances in the United States. Georginsky Bolshoi, exhibition, worker, southern white, old – all these names referred specifically to the ambulatory. Until the middle of the XX century, he was not registered by any cynological organization and could not boast of an official pedigree.

Only by the 60s the name "American Pit Bulldog" was fixed for the breed. At the same time, the first standard was presented to everyone's attention. Soon ambulances were registered by most cynological organizations. The dog breeders were captivated by her imposing appearance combined with her impeccable service skills. Increasingly, bulldogs were bred for military departments and police stations. In comparison with other dogs, ambulies were distinguished by endurance, prudence and incredible flair inherited from distant ancestors. Representatives of this breed were also used during the search for survivors of major disasters.

Soon the American bulldog won the love not only of America, but of the whole of Europe. Even Russia in the period of the "dashing nineties" responded to this dog trend: more and more frightening-looking dogs appeared on the streets of cities, ready to rush to the defense of their owner at any moment. The breed is popular to this day. At the same time, its name – the American bulldog – does not scare off potential dog owners with unpleasant associations with bull baiting and dog fights. On the contrary, the massive and intimidating dimensions of the animal give a person an indestructible self-confidence.

Video: American Bulldog

Appearance of an American bulldog

Ambul refers to large dogs. Variability is a key feature of this breed. Its representatives differ from each other in many characteristics. Despite the existence of two lines – classic (Johnson) and standard (Scott) – the appearance of modern dogs combines the features of both. If we consider each type separately, it can be noted that Johnson's ambuli are more squat and large than they resemble their counterparts – English bulldogs. Dogs of the standard type have more similarities with the American Pit Bull Terrier.

According to the FCI standard, the height of the ambulatory at the withers should be 55-70 cm (for males) and 52-65 cm (for females). As for body weight, it reaches 32-54 kg and 27-45 kg, respectively.

Head and Skull

The head of the American bulldog is distinguished by its large size and proportionality in relation to the body of the dog. The slightly rounded and wide skull forms a high forehead and a moderately pronounced occipital protuberance.

Muzzle

Its appearance depends on what type your outpatient belongs to. Johnson's line is distinguished by a square and smoothly outlined muzzle with a well-defined stop. In representatives of the Scott line, the muzzle has a more wedge-shaped shape, while the transition from the forehead to the nose is less pronounced. At the same time, classic ambuli have a shorter muzzle (up to 30% of the length of the skull), unlike standard specimens (up to 40%). Deep creases are characteristic of Johnson's Bulldogs. A large nose with wide nostrils is colored black or brown (the former is more preferable). Dark lips fit tightly to the jaws.

Ears

The ears of the American bulldog are of medium size, set high on the forehead line. They can be hanging or standing. The shape is mainly triangular, but the options "envelope" or "rose" are allowed. It is not recommended to stop ears at any age.

Eyes

Small round-shaped eyes set straight and wide. Their color varies from nutty to dark brown, while dark shades are still prioritized. The eyelids fit tightly and are characterized by dark pigmentation up to the complete "outline" of the eyes. Unpainted areas are allowed in individuals up to two years old.

Jaws and teeth

The jaws of the American bulldog are quite wide. At the same time, the lower one slightly pushes forward beyond the line of the upper one, forming a so-called dense snack or snack with waste. Please note that in both cases the teeth should not be visible if the mouth is closed. The canines are widely spaced in the jaw, while the incisors form a straight line. Large and healthy teeth are preferred. The first two premolars may be missing.

Neck

The muscular and powerful neck is placed at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the body. It has a well-defined nape.

Housing

The American Bulldog has a slightly elongated body. Half the height of the dog at the withers is equal to the depth of the chest. The circumference of the skull and neck is the same, while the length of the latter should exceed the length of the head.

Tail

Has a wide base and tapers smoothly to the tip. The maximum compliance with the standard is considered to be the tail that reaches the hock joints.

Forelimbs

Are set wide and parallel to each other. The shoulders and forearms are notable for their well-developed musculature. Elbows pointing backwards. The forelimbs turn into strong, rounded paws. The short fingers are tightly clenched.

Hind limbs

The distance between the hind limbs is much wider. The hips and shins of the ambulatory are characterized by relief musculature. The angle of the limbs is moderately pronounced. The paws have a slightly elongated shape, which makes them look longer and narrower than the front ones.

Manner of movement

The movements of the American bulldog are powerful and well-coordinated, reminiscent of a free trot.

Wool cover

The length of the wool hairs should not exceed 1.5 cm. They fit snugly to the body of the dog and have a healthy shine.

Color

Most often, the wool of ambulances has brindle, white-brindle, white-red and white colors. Black, black with tan markings, marble, blue are allowed, but only if these colors include white spots. At the same time, the marks should cover at least 10% of the body. Please note that it is the white color that is most appreciated at dog shows.

The defects of the American Bulldog breed include the following:

• tail with a crease, lying on its back, corkscrew;
• yellow, green or gray color of the iris;
• bulging eyes with drooping eyelids;
• gray pigmentation of the nose lobe;
• weakly developed musculature;
• straight bite of the jaws;
• sharp narrowing of the muzzle;
• eyelid depigmentation;
• heterochromia.

Please note that any deviation from the standard is a defect. Disqualifying vices are also distinguished. Among them:

• excessive cowardice or aggressiveness;
• non-descent of male testicles into the scrotum;
• blue eye shade, asymmetry;
• long wool cover;
• scissor bite;
• uneven line of incisors;
• jaw asymmetry;
• deafness and blindness.

Photo of an adult American bulldog

Character of the American Bulldog

Ambul is an ideal option for those who are looking for a brave, intelligent and selfless companion. The bulldog will walk with his master through fire, water and copper pipes. The main thing is to let the dog understand that in your duet the role of the leader is not assigned to her. The breed will not suit weak-willed people who will not be able to devote enough time to raising a pet. Do not forget that the American bulldog tends to dominate and defend its rights, and therefore needs correct socialization. Otherwise, the dog will perceive any living creature as a potential threat and show aggression.

The formidable and impressive appearance of the ambulatory hides friendliness and sociability. Representatives of this breed show incredible loyalty and devotion to the family in which they live. In critical situations, the bulldog will protect the owner to the last drop of blood. Be prepared for sudden manifestations of love when 40 kilograms of puppy tenderness settles on your knees – and it's not so easy to withstand, by the way! American bulldogs get along well with children and are happy to take part in games. However, be careful: the dog does not always understand that it surpasses the kids in strength and size, so it may accidentally fall on the child.

The breed is famous for its protective qualities. Ambulances have excellent hearing and flair, so no thief will be able to sneak into the protected possessions. Often the dog arranges a demonstrative demonstration of his strength. If this does not stop the villain, the bulldog fearlessly rushes into battle, protecting not only the property entrusted to him, but also the people he loves.

At the moment of danger, representatives of this breed keep their cool and skillfully build tactics of combat. They cannot be distracted by false maneuvers and feigned threats. American bulldogs are wary of strangers even when they are near their owner. It may take them enough time to get used to the new person.

Ambulances have high intelligence, which becomes a problem in certain situations. Even a puppy can be smart enough to open the door or jump on the windowsill, where there are pots with indoor plants. And if the American bulldog is bored, then beware: the dog will go all the way to the complete destruction of the apartment in an attempt to throw out the accumulated energy outside.

Don't forget that your pet needs daily physical activity. Go for an hour-long jog in the park, do not forget to grab your favorite dog toy. The ambulant will appreciate this and upon returning home will gladly fall asleep at the feet of the owner, where he will spend the rest of the day. It is worth noting that American bulldogs are great companions for walking. With proper upbringing, their poise and calmness will save you from having to keep the leash taut.

If you plan to take a bulldog as a companion for a second pet, give up your idea. Representatives of this breed do not get along well with animals, and especially with their relatives. American bulldogs do not tolerate competition, and having a dog of the same sex will only aggravate the situation. In the absence of proper upbringing, an ambul is capable of maiming or killing another pet, regardless of size. Do not forget that initially this breed was bred for bloody bullfights. Pronounced hunting instincts can provoke a dog to chase, which in most cases has a sad outcome.

Education and training

Developed intelligence and independent character are good reasons to start educating an outpatient as early as possible. First of all, the puppy must realize the main truth: the word of the owner is a law that cannot be violated under any circumstances. Stop the slightest attempts of the bulldog to growl and grin at your family members, but in no case do not raise your hand to the dog! American bulldogs do not perceive cruelty and may get angry at you in the future. Firmness, perseverance and patience are the three pillars on which the correct upbringing of a pet rests.

Do not forget that self–discipline is the weak side of ambulances, so it can take more than one month to develop habits. First of all, take care of the formation of the daily routine. To do this, take the outpatient for a walk twice – in the morning and in the evening. Soon your pet will understand that it is necessary to relieve himself exclusively on the street. This way you will avoid unpleasant "incidents".

During the walk, do not let the ambulance pull on the leash, rushing forward. In the case of a puppy, it may look funny: a stocky baby is snuffling from tension, wanting to speed up the step despite the efforts of the owner. However, be sure: when a fat dog weighing almost half a centner turns out to be in his place, this will create certain inconveniences. The dog should walk next to you – and in no other way.

Don't let your pet jump on people with its front paws. It is very difficult to withstand the impressive dimensions of an American bulldog (especially for children). In general, it is not recommended to allow an outpatient to exercise force. Keep him from fighting with other dogs or cats. Do not even allow a grin or growl in their direction.

Care and maintenance

The American Bulldog breed is completely unpretentious in care. These dogs are forbidden to carry out water procedures more than two or three times a year. It is enough to wipe the muzzle as it gets dirty – and your pet will always look neat and clean. For these purposes, ear sticks and cotton pads are suitable.

The only thing you will have to spend money on is a special brush for combing. During molting, the American bulldog leaves a lot of hair, so it is recommended to comb the dog at least once a week. If there was no brush at hand, a rubber glove will do quite well. Do not forget about the claws of the bulldog. Sometimes long walks are not enough for them to wear off. Use a pruner to shorten the claws every one and a half to two months.

However, your outpatient will be grateful not for pleasant spa treatments, but for daily active walks in the fresh air. Every feature of this powerful and noble dog has a craving for physical activity, so you should not deprive your pet of this joy. Every kilometer traveled will give the bulldog good health, and you will have a great mood.

As for the nutrition of the outpatient, it is recommended to use a special dry food with a vitamin and mineral complex. Periodically dilute the dog's diet with dairy products and fresh meat. It is not necessary to treat a pet with "human" food, no matter how plaintive his eyes may look: this can negatively affect the well-being of the bulldog.

Follow the following rules:

• Do not make meat the basis of the diet. Remember that it should be balanced and include at least 30% protein.
• It is not necessary to often give the American bulldog products with a high content of calcium and vitamins A, D. This negatively affects the bone system of the dog.
• Stick to periodicity. So, puppies up to 4 months are fed five times, up to 6 months – four times, up to six months – three times a day. After that, it is enough to fill the bowl twice – in the morning and in the evening.

It is not recommended to include the following products in the diet of the American bulldog:

• raw river fish (boiled is acceptable);
• legumes (peas, beans and others);
• minced meat (poorly digested);
• small tubular bones;
• fresh white bread;
• undigested eggs;
• pork.

Drinking water should be non-boiled and clean.

Health and diseases of the American Bulldog

Despite excellent endurance and good health, ambulances are susceptible to certain diseases. Among them:

• eye problems (strabismus, eyelid inversion, cataract);
• hip and elbow dysplasia;
• skin diseases and allergies;
• heart failure;
• congenital deafness;
• immunodeficiency;
• heart defect;
• epilepsy.

American bulldog bitches often have difficulties during childbirth. However, do not think that by purchasing an outpatient, you automatically become the owner of a sickly dog. This breed retains activity and thirst for life until old age. The rest depends on your attention and timely treatment of the pet.

How to choose a puppy

Choosing an American bulldog puppy requires a lot of attention. It is from this stage that the acquaintance with the representatives of the noble breed begins. One of them is destined to become your best friend, so treat the purchase of an outpatient responsibly.

Purebred American bulldogs can only be found in trusted kennels. The breeder must present, upon request, a certificate of the results of the veterinary examination of each puppy from the litter. The absence of such is a reason to think, are you going to take a healthy baby into your home? When examining puppies, the bitch should remain calm. If the dog is taken to another room or does not want to show a potential buyer at all, this indirectly indicates her mental instability, which can be transmitted to puppies.

The ideal age of the baby is from one and a half to three months. The most sociable, cheerful and active toddler by definition is distinguished by good health. Shiny fur, wet nose and perky eyes are another evidence of this. If an ambul cowardly tucks his tail or growls at an outstretched hand, refuse to purchase such a puppy: you will not be able to become friends for many years.

Photos of American bulldog puppies

How much does an American bulldog cost

In comparison with other dog breeds, the ambulatory is inexpensive. Puppies without a pedigree will cost $100. Agree, the price for a charming toddler is quite acceptable. If pedigree matters, but participation in exhibitions or breeding does not attract you, get ready to pay about $200-$300. Exhibition and breeding American bulldogs cost $500 and above.